Phytochemical, vitamin and proximate composition of Dacryodes edulis fruit at different stages of maturation

The phytochemical, vitamins and proximate composition of D. edulis at different stages of maturation were investigated. Fully matured but not darkened, half darkened, and fully darkened D. edulis samples were used. The results obtained for phytochemical composition showed that flavonoids (0.67 ± 0.27 – 2.42 ± 0.32 mg/100g), alkaloids (0.42 ± 0.13 – 1.50 ± 0.25 mg/100g), saponins (0.21 ±0.04 – 1.29 ± 0.41 mg/100g), tannins (3.10 ± 0.11 – 5.78 ± 0.67 mg/100g), cyanogenic glycosides (0.03 ± 0.02 – 0.05 ± 0.00 mg/100g) ,and oxalate (1.34 ± 0.91 – 4.97 ± 0.24 mg/100mg).Those for vitamins revealed that thiamine (0.95 ± 0.53 – 0.26 ± 0.06mg/100g), riboflavin (0.23 ± 0.11 – 1.69 ± 0.21 mg/100g), niacin (0.17 ± 0.02 – 0.93 ± 0.19mg/100g), ascorbic (0.07 ± 0.81-002 ± 0.00mg/100g), and tocopherol (0.29 ± 0.16-0.90 ± 0.46 mg/100g) while proximate content showed the presence of moisture (26.12 ± 0.16 – 32.10 ± 2.10 %), crude protein (5.13 ± 2. 39 – 8.25 ±1.12 %), lipid (31.52 ± 10.75 – 37. 31 ± 1.07 %), ash (2.89 ± 0.13 – 4.16 ± 2. 11 %), crude fiber (2. 10 ± 1.34 – 11.21 ± 0.19 %), carbohydrate (16.07 ± 1.15 – 23 – 14 ± 6.97 %) and energy value (400.68 ± 0.21 – 450.59 ± 12.01 kcal/100g). This study has shown the phytochemical, vitamin, and proximate composition of D. edulis fruit at the different stages of maturation.

Author(s): Duru Majesty*, Amadi Chioma, Ugbogu Amadike, Eze Adindu and Amadi Benjamin

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