Heterosis for grain yield and grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A field experiments was conducted with 21 hybrids generated by crossing seven high yielding rice genotypes viz., ADT 41, ADT 46, CO 47, TKM 9, Jeeragasamba, ACM 98003 and AS 90033 which were selected based on grain type. The hybrids were synthesized in 7 x7 diallel fashion excluding reciprocals. Relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were estimated for yield and quality characters. High amount of heterosis existed for grain yield, hundred grain weight, hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery, linear elongation ratio, water uptake, volume expansion ratio and amylose content whereas it was low for the quality traits viz.,kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, kernel length after cooking and alkali spreading value. The hybrids viz., ACM 98003 / AS 90033, ADT 41 / ADT 46, ADT 41 /ACM 98003, ADT 41 / AS 90033, CO 47/ TKM 9 and CO 47 / ACM 98003performed well for grain yield combined with several grain quality traits viz., hulling percentage, milling percentage, linear elongation ratio, water uptake, volume expansion ratio and amylose content, so these promising cross combinations can be further used in rice breeding programme.

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