22 / 33
Volume 4
Journal of Infectious Diseases and Treatment
ISSN: 2472-1093
Page 58
Euro Infectious Diseases 2018 &
Histopathology 2018
September 27-29, 2018
&
JOINT EVENT
September 27-29, 2018 Rome, Italy
5
th
International Conference on
Histopathology & Cytopathology
10
th
Euro-Global Conference on
Infectious Diseases
Risk factors for human cutaneous anthrax outbreaks in the hot-spot districts of Northern Tanzania:An
unmatched case-control study
Elibariki Reuben Mwakapeje
1,2,3
, Sol Høgset
3
, Adis Softic
3
, Janneth Mghamba
1
, Hezron E Nonga
2
, Robinson H Mdegela
2
and
Eystein Skjerve
3
1
Minister of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Tanzania
2
Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania
3
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
B
acillus anthracis is an aerobic, gram positive and spore forming bacterium, which causes anthrax in herbivores. Humans
get infected after coming into contact with infected animals’ products. Unmatched case control study was conducted to
identify the importance of demographic, biological, and/or behavioural factors associated with human cutaneous anthrax
outbreaks in the hot-spot areas of Northern Tanzania. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to both cases and
controls. The age range of participants was from 1-80 years with a median age of 32 years. In the younger group (1-20 years),
the odds of being infected were 25 times higher in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group (OR=25, 95%CI=1.5-
410). In contrast, the odds of exposure in the old group (≥20 years) were three times lower in the exposed group compared to the
unexposed group (OR=3.2, 95% CI=1.28–8:00). Demographic characteristics, sleeping on animal’s skins, contact with infected
carcasses through skinning, butchering and not having formal education were linked to exposure for anthrax infection. Hence,
a one health approach is inevitable for prevention and control of anthrax outbreaks in the hot-spot area of Northern Tanzania.
emwakapeje75@gmail.comJ Infec Dis Treat 2018, Volume 4
DOI: 10.21767/2472-1093-C1-003