15 / 16
Page 27
Volume 05
Journal of Infectious Diseases and Treatment
ISSN: 2472-1093
JOINT EVENT
Applied Microbiology-2019 & Antibiotics 2019
Immunology 2019
October 21-22, 2019
October 21-22, 2019 Rome, Italy
&
&
8
th
Edition of International Conference on
Antibiotics, Antimicrobials & Resistance
12
th
International Conference on
Allergy & Immunology
6
th
World Congress and Expo on
Applied Microbiology
Rhodesian human African
Trypanosomiasis
(rHAT) in Kafue national park, Zambia
David Squarre
1
, Chihiro Sugimoto
2
, Boniface Namangala
1
, Kyoko Hayashida
2
and
Junya Yamagishi
2
1
National Parks and Wildlife in Zambia, Zambia
2
Hokkaido University, Japan
Statement of the Problem
: The World Health Organization (WHO) describes Human African Trypanosomiasis
(HAT) as a neglected tropical disease affecting mostly the poor communities in sub Saharan Africa. The disease is
caused by a multi host haemo-flagellate protozoan parasite of genus Trypanosoma and is transmitted by infected
tsetse fly (Glosinna spp). The Kafue National Park (KNP), located in Central Zambia was considered devoid of the
parasite due to lack of compelling data on presence, abundance and diversity of the circulating parasites especially
in wildlife populations and the risk to public health has not been elucidated. The lack of true information on
trypanosome diversity and its expression in wildlife reservoir population renders the current control of the disease
sub optimal.
Methodology &Theoretical Orientation
: Case studies of a 46 years old male resident of KNP and cross sectional
study to screen wildlife reservoir of the KNP for rHAT was employed. Blood samples from both affected patients and
wildlife reservoirs were assessed using a combination of molecular methods such as LAMP, ITS-PCR, SRA-PCR and
the results were validated by Mini-Ion Sequencing.
Findings
: The study demonstrated the presence of rHAT in human and wildlife populations of KNP. Further
characterization of the parasites reveal the diversity of trypanosomes in KNP.
Conclusion & Significance
: The outcomes of this study reaffirms the presence of rHAT in KNP and further declares
that KNP is a genuine neglected and re-emerging foci of rHAT. The first step to control this neglected disease is the
recognition of its presence and its perceived risk. Based on results contained here, it is recommended that the already
fixed and accessible health facility be strengthened with capacity to diagnose and treat rHAT within and around
the KNP. Based on this data the risk of rHAT infection to the public can be correctly estimated and appropriate
intervention instituted.
Recent Publications
1.
Masahiro Kajihara, Bernard M. Hang’ombe, Katendi Changula, Hayato Harima, Mao Isono, Kosuke Okuya,
Reiko Yoshida, Akina Mori-Kajihara, Yoshiki Eto, Yasuko Orba, Hirohito Ogawa, Yongjin Qiu, Hirofumi
Sawa, Edgar Simulundu, Daniel Mwizabi, Musso Munyeme, David Squarre, Victor Mukonka, Aaron S
Mweene, Ayato Takada: Marburgvirus in Egyptian Fruit Bats, Zambia. Emerging Infectious Diseases 05/2019;
25(8)., DOI:10.3201/eid2508.190268
2.
David Squarre, Ilunga Kabongo, Musso Munyeme, Chisoni Mumba, Wizaso Mwasinga, Lottie Hachaambwa,
Chihiro Sugimoto, Boniface Namangala: Human African Trypanosomiasis in the Kafue National Park,
Zambia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 05/2016; 10(5):e0004567., DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004567
3.
David Squarre, John Yabe, Chisoni Mumba, Maxwel Mwase, Katendi Changula, Wizaso Mwasinga, Musso
Munyeme: Toxaemia secondary to pyloric foreign body obstruction in two African lion (Panther leo) cubs.
David Squarre et al., J Infec Dis Treat 2019, Volume: 05