Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of constituents of some medicinal plants

Various parts of plants, namely, Daniella oliveri, Hymenocardia acida, Taminalia mollis, Cussonia arborea, Mangifera indica, Schwenkia americana and Carissa edulis, mostly used for herbal medicine in Northern Nigeria were screened for secondary metabolites and antimicrobial activities. Phytochemical investigations of their extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, tannins and saponins. Cytotoxicity tests carried out on the extracts indicate high BST (LC50 3 - 196 μg/cm3) and AGT (LC50 27- 269 μg/cm3) activities. The extracts showed low to moderate activities against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger.

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