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E u r o S c i C o n C o n f e r e n c e o n
Neurology & Neurological
Disorders
Neurology 2018
J u l y 1 2 - 1 3 , 2 0 1 8
P a r i s , F r a n c e
Page 83
Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience
ISSN: 2171-6625
A
utism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental
disorder that begins early in childhood and lasts throughout a person's life.
ASD is characterized by impairment in interaction and social communication,
in addition to pro-inflammatory cytokine imbalances with chronic
neuroinflammation. Environmental exposures may increase the risk of ASD.
There are evidences that as the residue crosses the blood-brain barrier and
placenta the fetuses can be exposed to pesticides. The purpose of this study is
to summarize and discuss the relationship between autism spectrum disorder
and chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide. The narrative review was
performed using MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct
as databases and pesticides, agrochemicals, insecticides, herbicides, Autism
disorder as descriptors. Gestational contact with chlorpyrifos interferes early
neuromotor development and causes deficits in social behaviour that can
lead to long-term deficits in behaviour and repetitive behaviour, as a routine
preference. Studies have shown that the contact of chlorpyrifos with already
autistic rats increased the characteristics of this disorder in the animals. In
addition, contact with chlorpyrifos causes redox imbalance, oxidative stress,
mitochondrial dysfunction associated with glutathione deficiency. Studies
have also shown that there is a high probability of developing imbalances in
the intestinal flora. Autistic individuals may as well exhibit proinflammatory
cytokine imbalances and may suffer from hyperactive or dysfunctional immune
systems, with chronic neuroinflammation, including neuroglial activation in
the brain, and the presence of autoantibodies to brain proteins. Thus, we can
conclude that exposures to agricultural pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, through
the uterine pathway are related to autism and that there is strong evidence that
contact with pesticides may influence the development of autism spectrum
disorder.
Biography
Gislei Frota Aragão is graduated in Pharmacy, with Masters
and PhD in Pharmacology with a focus on neuropharmacology.
Professor of Medical Course at the State University of Ceará
(UECE/Brazil) and He is coordinator of the Group of Studies in
Neuroinflammation and Neurotoxicology (GENIT). Pharmacist
of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) acting in the Clinical
Pharmacology Unit and as a researcher in the laboratory
of toxicology and clinical exams in the Drug Research and
Development Center (NPDM) with collaborations in the
professional Master of Clinical Pharmacology/UFC, Master of
Transplantation/UECE and Specialization in Collective Health/
UECE, developing projects in the area of neuropharmacology,
neurotoxicology, neuroinflammation and pharmacovigilance.
gislei.frota@uece.brGislei F. Aragao
5
, Carla Larissa de C. Vieira
1
, Nayrene A. C. de
Oliveira
2
, Tatiana P. Bachur
3
, Maria Elisabete A. de Moraes
4
¹ Carla Larissa de C. Vieira (State University of Ceará, BR)
² Nayrene A. C. de Oliveira (State University of Ceará, BR)
3
Tatiana P. Bachur (State University of Ceará, BR)
4
Maria Elisabete A. de Moraes (Federal University of Ceará, BR)
5
Gislei F. Aragão (Federal University of Ceará, BR)
Gislei F. Aragao et al., J Neurol Neurosci 2018, Volume: 9
DOI: 10.21767/2171-6625-C1-009
Potential role of organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in
autism spectrum disorder (asd)