28 / 38
Page 85
allied
academies
Ann Biol Sci, 2017
ISSN: 2348-1927
August 23-24, 2017 | Toronto, Canada
Annual Conference on
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS, INFECTIOUS DISEASE,
ANTIMICROBIALS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
Arch Clin Microbiol, 8:5
DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C1-003
Introduction:
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) could
be a crucial point in the spread of Extended Spectrum
Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
in
the environment.
bla
CTX-M groups (1, 2, 8/25, 9),
bla
SHV,
bla
TEM and
bla
OXA enzymes have rapidly become the most
important ESBL, with increase in many countries during
the last decade. Large changes to human populations due
to different social and climatic events could exacerbate this
issue.
Objectives:
Bangor is a small city, with a very high
proportion of its population being students, many of whom
are international. The aim of this work was to compare
the presence of ESBL-producing faecal coliforms bacteria
in Bangor’s WWTP before and after the week of students’
arrival to the city (“welcome week”).
Methods:
Over a five-week period (two weeks before
students’ arrival and three weeks after), water samples
were collected twice a week, from the influent, primary
sedimentation tank, aeration tank and treated sewage
throughout the WWTP that serves Bangor city. Counts of
E. coli and other faecal coliforms (OFCs) were performed
on selective (primary UTI) agar and then isolates were
confirmed by biochemical and PCR tests. ESBL producers
were screened by combination disc method and identified
genes by multiplex PCR.
Results: The mean counts of E. coli and OFCs before
welcome week were higher than after. This is probably due
to dilution factor by heavy rainfall that occurred subsequent
to student arrival. Treatment by the WWTP eliminated 98.8-
99.2% of total E. coli and OFCs, respectively. Of the E. coli
isolated, a greater proportion was ESBL-producing before
welcome week (4.3%) than after (2.0%). However, there
was effectively no difference in the proportion of ESBL-
producing OFCs recovered before or after welcome week
(10.3% and 10.9%, respectively). In the E. coli, genotyping
found that
bla
CTX-M group 1 was the most common
enzyme-producing gene in both periods. However, the most
frequently detected ESBL gene among OFCs was
bla
TEM and
then
bla
SHV before welcome week, while
bla
SHV and then
bla
TEM predominated thereafter.
Conclusions:
Treatment of wastewater significantly reduced
counts of faecal indicator bacteria from the influent to
effluent stages. In this study, large population changes were
not found to affect the presence of ESBL at WWTP.
e
:
elp2b4@bangor.ac.ukThe impact of large changes to human populations on the presence of ESBL-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
in a wastewater treatment plant
Yasir Bashawri
1
, Vincent N Chigor
2
James McDonald
1
, Merfyn Williams
1
, Davey Jones
1
and
A Prysor Williams
1
1
Bangor University, UK
2
University of Nigeria, Nigeria