Monoclonal Antibodies

Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) are a type of antibody produced by identical B cell clones in response to a specific antigen. Several features of mAbs are same, including protein sequence, antigen-binding site area, binding affinity for targets, and downstream functional effects. These properties distinguish mAbs from polyclonal antibodies, which have a wide range of activity and recognise several epitopes on an antigen. Murine mAbs were the first generation of mAbs created via hybridoma technology, however because of their murine origin, they might induce an anti-mouse antibody response in the host, potentially speeding up mAb clearance and causing unwanted allergic reactions if given repeatedly. This problem was remedied by establishing engineering approaches for creating chimeric or humanised antibodies that were less immunologic. Applications of monoclonal antibodies have become an innovative technique of targeting antigens in a range of disorders, including autoimmunity, cancer, and asthma. mAbs are very useful biological reagents in immunodiagnostic assays because of their high specificity and affinity binding capabilities. They can be employed in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and the detection of specific antigens, as well as in serological tests to identify antibodies to a certain antigen.

Author(s): Jerzy sauitz

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