Density Functional Theory Study of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and Solvent Effects

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction is the main method to obtain heterocyclic compounds in good yields. Huisgen reaction using nitrone and olifins containing active double bonde such as maleimide, is widely used to synthesise five-membered heterocyclic derivatives like isoxazolidine. However, the current trend of organic synthesis is the use of green chemistry, and ecofriendly processes. In this fact, recently, Bhaskar Chakraborty and Prawin K. Sharma reported a diastereo and regioselective synthesis of some novel isoxazolidine derivatives by one pot cycloaddition reactions between nitrone and different maleimides in aqueous phase. The result has shown that form exo is more dominant. The results of the energy ΔEr, the enthalpy ΔHr and the free enthalpy ΔGr of the reaction, the activation energy ΔE#, the enthalpy of activation ΔH# and the free activation enthalpy ΔG# at 298.15 K in the aqueous solution have shown that exo product is more favoured kinetically and thermodynamically than the endo product. For the kinetic solvent effects of this reaction, among the four solvents used, water was found to be the best and the most convenient medium for the course of this reaction.

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