A Case of Emphysematous Cystitis with Bone Metastasis Infiltrating from Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review of the Disease

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a rare infection of the bladder caused by gas-forming bacteria. EC was first reported in 1671 and was described as ‘presenting with pneumaturia ’ infectious emphysema of the bladder was first reported at autopsy in the late 1800s.Since then, many papers have reported on infectious emphysema- mainly in the urological field; but existence of infectious emphysema of the bladder has not been reported in the internal medicine and nephrology fields, and it seems that it has not been recognized. We witnessed a case of EC that was accidentally discovered, and we decided to report upon it, adding literature considerations. In addition, based on a literature search, many cases of EC develop with insufficient control of blood glucose as part of diabetes; furthermore, most cases of EC are lighter, but others may become severe. The progression of EC in this case is another example that illustrates the importance of managing diabetes to prevent the onset of infectious diseases.

Author(s): Ryo Tomaru MD MPH

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