An Overview of Neuron Structure and its Functions

Sergey M Zimatkin *

Department at Histology, University of Grodno State Medical, Belarus, Europe

*Corresponding author: Sergey M. Zimatkin, Department at Histology, University of Grodno State Medical, Belarus, Europe, E-mail: Sergey M. Zimatkin.edu.in

Received date: July 1, 2021; Accepted date: July 15, 2021; Published date: July 26, 2021

Citation: Zimatkin SM (2021) A Brief explanation on Neural Networks and its Effects. J Nerv Syst Vol.5 No.4: e010

Visit for more related articles at Research Journal of Nervous System

Introduction

Neurons (also known as neurones or nerve cells) area unit the basic units of the brain and systemanervosum, the cells liable for receiving sensory input from the external world, for causing motor commands to our muscles, and for remodeling and relaying the electrical signals at each step in between. over that, their interactions outline United Nations agency we have a tendency to area unit as individuals. Having same that, our roughly a hundred billion neurons do act closely with alternative cell varieties, broadly speaking classified as interstitial tissue (these may very well total neurons, though itâ??s not extremely known). The creation of latest neurons within the brain is termed development, and this will happen even in adults.

Neurons seem like a helpful analogy is to think about a nerve cell as a tree. A nerve cell has 3 main parts: dendrites, an axon, and a cell body or soma (see image below), which might be delineate because the branches, roots and trunk of a tree, severally. A nerve fiber (tree branch) is wherever a nerve cell receives input from alternative cells. Dendrites branch as they move towards their tips, a bit like tree branches do, and that they even have leaf-like structures on them known as spines. The nerve fiber (tree roots) is that the output structure of the nerve cell; once a nerve cell needs to speak to a different neuron, it sends associate electrical message known as associate nerve impulse throughout the complete nerve fiber. The soma (tree trunk) is wherever the nucleus lies, wherever the neuronâ??s deoxyribonucleic acid is housed, and wherever proteins area unit created to be transported throughout the nerve fiber and dendrites.

Cells inside the systema nervosum, known as neurons, communicate with one another in distinctive ways in which. The nerve cell is that the basic operating unit of the brain, a specialised cell designed to transmit info to alternative nerve cells, muscle, or organ cells. Neurons area unit cells inside the systema nervosum that transmit info to alternative nerve cells, muscle, or organ cells. Most neurons have a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. The cell body contains the nucleus and living substance. The nerve fiber extends from the cell body and infrequently offers rise to several smaller branches before ending at nerve terminals. Dendrites extend from the nerve cell body and receive messages from alternative neurons. Synapses area unit the contact points wherever one nerve cell communicates with another. The dendrites area unit lined with synapses fashioned by the ends of axons from alternative neurons.

The brain is what it's thanks to the structural and practical properties of interconnected neurons. The class brain contains between a hundred million and a hundred billion neurons, betting on the species. every class nerve cell consists of a cell body, dendrites, associated an nerve fiber. The cell body contains the nucleus and living substance. The nerve fiber extends from the cell body and infrequently offers rise to several smaller branches before ending at nerve terminals.

Dendrites extend from the nerve cell body and receive messages from alternative neurons. Synapses area unit the contact points wherever one nerve cell communicates with another. The dendrites area unit lined with synapses fashioned by the ends of axons from alternative neurons.

When neurons receive or send messages, they transmit electrical impulses on their axons, which might target length from a little fraction of an in. (or centimeter) to a few feet (about one meter) or a lot of. several axons area unit lined with a superimposed medullary sheath, that accelerates the transmission of electrical signals on the nerve fiber. This sheath is formed by specialised cells known as interstitial tissue. Within the brain, the interstitial tissue that create the sheath area unit known as oligodendrocytes, and within the peripheral systema nervosum, they're called Theodor Schwann cells.

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