Treatment with Allogenic Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem /Stromal Cells Enhances Wound Healing upon Frostbite Injury on Rat Model

Frostbite is one the most common type of traumatic injuries in the cold climate of the north countries. Post-traumatic recovery of the patients takes a long time and often leads to the loss of the damaged limb. A promising approach for frostbite therapy could be treatment with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which are widely used in regenerative medicine for different applications.Here, we aimed to estimate the possibility of frostbite treatment with allogenic MSCs from bone marrow. The cells were isolated from bone marrow of 10-week old Wistar rats and cultivated for 3-4 passages at hypoxic conditions with 5 % of oxygen in atmosphere. The cells demonstrated CD105+, CD73+, CD90+, CD44+, CD45-, CD34- phenotype, ability to differntiation in adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic directions and higher extent of anti-inflammatory molecule and growth factor expression compared with MSCs, grown at normoxic conditions. The wounds on the left hip of Wistar rats were generated using a metal rod frozen in liquid nitrogen with a diameter of 12 mm. On the next day, 2 million hypoxia-exposed MSCs were intramusculary injected around the wounds. It was found that treatment with MSCs enhanced wound healing via promotion of expression of anti-inflammatory molecules, neovascularization and reepithelialization. Thus, the use of hypoxia-exposed MSCs could be a valuable strategy for frostbite recovery.

Author(s): Mikhail O. Durymanov

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