Landscape Architecture and Environmental Challenges

Nowadays, citizens, city managers, and civic decisionmakers face environmental and urban infrastructure challenges as a serious issue. Environmental challenges are one of the topics that have been studied for a long time in various scientific fields, including landscape architecture. This is a review article aimed at informing about the latest research developments and an in-depth and structured review of studies conducted since 2005. In this regard, this study extracted the most important environmental challenges, approaches, solutions, and analytical tools presented in the studies by referring to and searching for valid scientific databases, and then categorizing and analyzing them based on the content and importance of the subject. The results indicated that different studies had adopted different approaches while pursuing the same goals. They also complemented or critiqued each other and, at the same time, overlapped. Recent studies have led to holistic approaches, analytical tools, and modern modeling, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data, etc., with a more rigorous scientific basis in the field of data mining and analysis. However, internal studies have mainly focused on introducing and identifying some of the proposed approaches. A review of the literature showed the inefficiency of traditional and existing tools in solving environmental crises due to the large volume of data as a result of the increased complexity of effective parameters in urban planning and the common areas of architecture, landscape, and urban planning. It was also found that the use of digital tools and algorithmic processes can help landscape architects to develop holistic models in solving environmental crises and sustainable development.

Author(s): Parichehr Goodarzi1*, Niloofar hashemi2

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