Development of superior hybrid rice variety using cutting-edge breeding tools

Feeding more than one half of the world’s population, over
90% of rice is produced and consumed in Asia. Bangladesh agricultural
economy pre-dominantly based on rice production.
In Bangladesh total rice production area is 116.13 lac ha and
total production is 36.28 million M tones (BBS, 2007-2018).
Bangladesh is an over populated country and population is increasing
rapidly. At present, the rice growing areas are gradually
decreased due to industrialization, housing and expansion of
urban areas. Under such conditions, all the additional rice production
must be come from higher yield due to land scarcity
for increasing of rice production.
Hybrid rice technology could be an opportunity for Bangladesh
to increase the productivity of rice. Therefore, efficient
and economic seed production package for hybrid rice is one
of the pre-requisites for the exploitation of heterosis on commercial
scale. Multiplications of CMS line and higher yield of
hybrid seed production are major activities which decide the
success of hybrid rice technology. Hybrid rice seed production
using cytoplasmic genetic male sterility (CMS) system involves
three component lines i.e. CMS or A line, maintainer or B line
and restorer or R line.
Rate of higher quantity hybrid seed production depends upon
the outcrossing characteristics of restorer and CMS lines. Thus
knowledge of outcrossing characters is very much important
for effective initiation of hybrid seed production program. Desirable
outcrossing characters facilitate transfer of pollen from
restorer line. Outcrossing characters of restorer line depend on
different floral characters mostly how much viable pollen are
produced and transfer to CMS
line. If the pollen production is higher then transfer of pollen
will be higher as well as hybrid seed production will also
be higher. It is essential for successful commercial hybrid seed
production. Increase in hybrid seed production, the price of
hybrid seed will be lower which ultimately will increase the hybrid
rice cultivation area as well as production. Hybrid seed
produced from crossing between restorer line and CMS line.
High yield potential restorer line with good outcrossing characteristics
is very much important for increasing the hybrid
seed production rate and also increasing the productivity in
F1 hybrid. Potential HYV restorer lines facilitate superior heterotic
cross combinations with CMS lines. So in case of restorer
line both outcrossing characteristics and yield potential must
be considered for commercial hybrid rice production. General
objective of research is development of superior hybrid rice for
Bangladesh. The experiment was carried out at the experimental
farm of ACI Limited. For developing superior hybrid rice we
developed 9 experiments, 1. Determination of breeding value,
2. Characterization of parental lines, 3. Marker-assisted selection,
4. Genetics basis of heterosis, 5. B X B and R X R cross,
6. Rapid Generation Advance, 7. Line Stage Test, 8. Selection
of best performing restorer (R) and maintainer (B) lines on the
basis of SCA and 9. Evaluation of superior hybrid.

Author(s): Md. Nur Alam Siddique, Professor Dr. Lutful Hassan, Dr. Rafiqul Islam

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