Psychiatric Disorders: In Light of Network Pharmacology Approach (A Review work)

Statement of the Problem: Despite the availability of the abundant allopathy medicines, psychiatric disorders still remain a rising threat to human life. Due to the adverse reactions of synthetic drugs and dependencies, their long-term use can be difficult. The one-drug/one-target/one-disease approach to drug discovery is presently facing many challenges and psychiatric illnesses, according to researchers, are caused by the malfunctioning of several proteins. Network biology and polypharmacology approaches have lately acquired popularity as strategies for integrating omics data and developing multitarget drugs, respectively. The combination of these two methodologies led to the development of a new paradigm known as network pharmacology (NP), which examines pharmacological effects on both the interactome and the diseasome level. Natural ingredients employ formulations with various components and bioactive chemicals; yet, the scientific rationale and mechanisms are mostly unknown. Evidence-based natural ingredients can use NP techniques to better understand the putative activities, indications, and mechanisms of remedies. Because of multi-protein involvement, it's critical to treat various targets arising from a syndrome-related metabolic cascade in order to achieve comprehensive care. The method must evolve from a single-target, new chemical entity-focused approach to a multiple-target, synergistic formulation-discovery approach. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Literature search from various studies were conducted. Findings: Interactions between 60 active components in the SNS formula and 187 mental disorders-related targets have been discovered. Rehmannia root–Chinese arborvitae kernel is effective in treating anxiety disorders. Gardeniae fructus exerts an anti-depressive effect possibly by regulating neurotransmitter levels. Conclusion & Significance: Use of natural products that contain diverse chemical components and acceptable tolerance following long-term administration can be used as alternative therapy against mental illnesses that involve multiple ingredients, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. The publications provide in-depth insights into the methods and applications of network pharmacology

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