Journal of Pathogen Research

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Macrophomina Phaseolina

Macrophomina phaseolina is a widespread, non-specific pathogen that can infect more than 500 hosts in about 100 families, including crops and weeds. Economic crop hosts include cotton, groundnut, jute, maize, millet, potato, sesame, soybean and other beans, sunflower, sweet potato, tomato, and tobacco. The fungus is a highly variable pathogen, differing in microsclerotial sizes and the presence or absence of pycnidia.

Microsclerotia, 50-70 µm diameter (60-200 µm diameter when produced in laboratory), are black, smooth and round to oblong shape, uniformly reticulate, formed from hyphal agregates. Pycnidia, when present, are immersed in the host tissue and erumpent when mature. They are dark to grayish, globose, and membranous, with 100-200 µm in diameter and a truncate ostiole. Pycnidiospores are hyaline and single celled, ellipsoidal or ovoid, with a length-width ratio of, measuring 14-30 x 5-10 µm. Hyphal branches are formed in a right angle and may form a cross-wall at the constriction point, which can be confused with Rhizoctonia

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