Journal of Hepatitis

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Bioartificial Liver

Liver failure causes a life-threatening condition and can, in most cases, only be cured by orthotopic liver transplantation, this fact lead to the development of various artificial and bioartificial liver devices. While artificial systems work on the principles of adsorption and filtration, the more complex mechanism of bioartificial devices includes the supply of liver cells. Instead of just focussing on detoxification, these mechanisms also support the failing organ concerning synthetic and regulative functions.
The systems were examined in various clinical studies, demonstrating their safety and examining the effects on the patient's health condition. This review gives an overview of the most common artificial and bioartificial liver support devices and elaborates the results of the clinical studies. Cell free artificial systems make use of the processes of adsorption and filtration, assuming that removal of toxins from the patient's plasma will improve the clinical condition of the patient. In the early developmental stages, the devices were only able to remove a certain portion of water-soluble toxins.

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