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Volume 4 Journal of Infectious Diseases and Treatment
ISSN: 2472-1093
Page 30
Euro Infectious Diseases 2018 &
Histopathology 2018
September 27-29, 2018
&
JOINT EVENT
September 27-29, 2018 Rome, Italy
5th International Conference on Histopathology & Cytopathology
10th Euro-Global Conference on Infectious Diseases
Flavivirus vaccine: Molecular basis for attenuation of live attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus
vaccine SA14-14-2
Vijaya Satchidanandam
Indian Institute of Science, India
Diseases caused by flaviviruses including Zika, dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis and yellow fever
have become increasingly frequent over the last couple of decades, aided by global warming and expanding geographies
of the mosquito vector. The extremely safe and efficacious WHO-certified live attenuated vaccine for Japanese encephalitis
virus (JEV) SA-14-14-2 is used worldwide. We observed impressive enhancement in human CD8+ T cell responses in vaccines
relative to volunteers naturally exposed to circulating strains of JEV. Using cell lines that support JEV infection, we queried the
molecular basis underlying the generation of enhanced CD8+ T cells by the live vaccine SA-14-14-2. Our studies revealed that the
vaccine virus induced severe ER stress, viral protein was rapidly degraded in vaccine virus-infected cells and was differentially
recognized by a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Sustained activation of the ER stress sensor PERK in vaccine virus-infected
cells led to prolonged phosphorylation of eIF2α, activation of autophagy markers and upregulation of ER chaperones in SA-14-
14-2-infected cells. Interestingly, we also observed active dephosphorylation of eIF2α and inhibition of end stage autophagy in
WT JEV infected cells. The mutated viral proteins responsible for these effects are being investigated. Our results can guide the
rational design of efficacious vaccines against both flaviviruses such as Zika virus, dengue virus and West Nile virus and other
pathogenic viruses belonging to other families.
Biography
Vijaya Satchidanandam has completed her PhD at Indian Institute of Science and Postdoctoral studies at National Institutes of Health, USA. She is a Professor
in India’s leading research institution located in Bangalore. Her laboratory investigates the “Molecular biology and immunology of flaviviral infections and
mycobacterium tuberculosis”. She has published 46 papers in reputed journals.
Vijaya Satchidanandam, J Infec Dis Treat 2018, Volume 4
DOI: 10.21767/2472-1093-C1-002