23 / 26
Page 66
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Journal
ISSN: 2471-8084
Internat i ona l Conference on
Biotechnology, Biomarkers
& Systems Biology
M a r c h 0 4 - 0 5 , 2 0 1 9
Am s t e r d a m , N e t h e r l a n d s
Biotechnology, Biomarkers & Systems Biology 2019
L
adakh "land of high passes" is located between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the
south in state of Jammu and Kashmir. This cold-arid desert located at over 3000 m above mean sea level is characterized by
a very harsh climate with extreme temperature (-40 oC in winter and 35 oC in summer): low humidity, precipitation, and reduced
oxygen level (nearly 60-70% of the oxygen concentration at sea level). The local cattle from Ladakh region are known as “Ladakhi
cattle”, a unique germplasm having excellent adaptation potential to high altitude hypobaric stress. In the present study, an effort
was made to evaluate the transcriptional signature of circulating PBMCs in local Ladakhi cattle from Ladakh region and Sahiwal
cattle from tropical condition using Agilent 44K microarray chip. The top up-regulated genes in Ladakhi cows were
INHBC, ITPRI,
HECA, ABI3, GPR171, and HIF-1α
involved in hypoxia and stress response. In Sahiwal cows, the top up-regulated genes
eEF1A1,
GRO1, CXCL2, DEFB3 and BOLA-DQA3
were associated with immune function and inflammatory response indicating their strong
immune potential to combat the pathogens prevalent in the tropical conditions. The molecular pathways highly impacted were
MAPK signalling, ETC, apoptosis, TLR signalling and NF- kB signalling pathway indicating signatures of adaptive evolution of these
two cattle types in response to diverse environments. Further, qPCR analysis revealed increased expression of some high altitude
related genes viz.,
HIF-1, EPAS-1, VEGFA, NOS2, ECE-1 and GLUT-1
in PBMCs of high altitude cattle signifying their importance as
an essential component of high altitude adaptation. These genes are supposed to be crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis
in Ladakhi cattle. Based on data generated in the present study, native cattle of Ladakh region was found to be genetically distinct
from native cattle adapted to tropical region of India.
preeti.ernet@gmail.comTranscriptome signature of circulating PBMCs
to understand mechanism of high altitude
adaptation in native cattle adapted to Trans
Himalayan region of Ladakh
1
Preeti verma,
1
Ankita Sharma,
1
Monika Sodhi,
1
Kiran Thakur,
2
Vijay Bharti,
2
Arup Giri,
2
Sahil Kalia and
1
Manishi Mukesh
1
ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, India
2
Defense Institute of high Altitude Research, India
Biochem Mol biol J 2019, Volume:5
DOI: 10.21767/2471-8084-C1-024