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Journal of Organic & Inorganic Chemistry
ISSN 2472-1123
2
n d
E d i t i o n o f E u r o S c i C o n C o n f e r e n c e o n
Chemistry
F e b r u a r y 1 9 - 2 0 , 2 0 1 9
P r a g u e , C z e c h R e p u b l i c
Chemistry 2019
C
ellulose takes the first place in abundance among all natural polymers. Various cellulose derivatives, in particular, cellulose
acetates (CA) and cellulose nitrates (CN) are widely used as well. They act as raw materials in the production of smokeless
powder, artificial fibres, insulating materials and films, varnishes and other products. However, the above-mentioned cellulose
derivatives have high glass transition temperatures (
T
g
). For CA,
T
g
lies in the range of 370-490 K, and CN stays glassy up to
a temperature of its thermal decomposition. Therefore, in order to provide CA and CN, the required set of physicochemical
and mechanical properties modification by plasticization is used. However, there is a noticeable gap between the theoretical
(thermodynamic) basis of the plasticization processes and practice in polymer systems production. In order to fill this gap, this
review presents data on the thermodynamic characteristics (heat capacity, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs function) in the range from
4 to 580 K for CA and CN with various degree of OH–groups substitution of cellulose with acetyl and nitrogroups, as well as the
major plasticizers for these polymers, their relaxation temperatures and phase transitions temperatures, the effect of plasticizers
on CA and CN properties and the solubility of plasticizers in this polymers. Based on the obtained data, phase diagrams for CA
and CN plasticizer systems were plotted and analyzed in a wide temperature range and in the entire concentration range of the
components. These diagrams make it possible to determine the temperature and concentration limitations for the formation of
homogeneous mixtures, i.e. true solutions of plasticizers in polymers and polymers in plasticizers, as well as two phases’ gels,
where one of the solutions dispersed in a matrix of another as microdroplets.
su2101@rambler.ruPlasticization of cellulose acetates and nitrates
Vladimir F Uryash
1
, V I Pet’kov
2
, N Yu Kokurina
1
and V N Larina
1
1
N I Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod-Research Institute of Chemistry, Russia
2
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
J Org Inorg Chem 2019, Volume: 5
DOI: 10.21767/2472-1123-C1-021