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Aquaculture 2018
S e p t e m b e r 2 0 - 2 1 , 2 0 1 8
L i s b o n , P o r t u g a l
Page 46
Journal of
ISSN: 1307-234X
E u r o p e a n S u mm i t o n
Aquaculture, Fisheries
and Horticulture
Aquaculture is the fastest growing industry around the world, but there are various problems associated with aqua-cultural
production. Due to the intensification of rearing methods and systems, diseases and pathogens have been an integral part
and formidable obstacle to aquaculture industry worldwide. Many of the antibiotics and other synthetic drugs have serious side
effects in biological systemand therefore, natural products are safer because they aremore in harmony with the biological system.
Habitual use of antibiotics can lead to problems with bacteria resistance and with unacceptable residues in aquaculture products
and environment. Resistant bacterial strains could have a negative impact on the therapy of fish diseases or human diseases
and the environment of the fish farms. On the other hand, in regarding to executive program of export of aquaculture products
to other points of the world, the use of natural chemical agents in aquaculture is necessary to establish the market. Different
medicinal plants and herbs and/or combinations of them are known to have properties such as anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-
fungal, physiological systems (immune system, digestive system) supporting, hormonal balancing and many other properties.
Moreover, these substances are nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. No herbal resistance immunity has been found by
any pathogen to date. It is well known and documented that medicinal herbs have strong antibacterial effects. Polysaccharides,
flavonoides, phenolics and proteoglycans are known to play important role in preventing and/or controlling bacterial infections.
Several plant products have been found to have potent antiviral activity against fish and shrimp viruses (IPN, VSH, and IHN). In
aquaculture several infectious diseases are reported that mainly belongs to species of Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Streptococcus
and Vibrio species and a few parasitic organisms like Protozoan, Helminthes and Arthropods. Bacterial species causes high
mortality and severe economic loss during its outbreak in cultured fish. Many plant-derived compounds have been found to
have non-specific immune stimulating effects, growth promoter and of antioxidant activity in aquatic animals, and also fertility
enhancer in female brood stock, increasing fecundity and gonadal weight, effective on sperm quality of broodstock. Now, various
medicinal plants have been evaluated in Iran to control fish diseases and have produced satisfactory results. Finally, we introduce
new herbal drug with trade mark of “AVISHIT” instead of malachite green and without any side effect for human safety and
environment. AVISHIT, as an antimicrobial agent, derived from extract of “Zataria multiflora” was approved and established in
Iranian veterinary pharmacopeia. Its dosage is 50 ppm for disinfection of incubatory period of trout eggs.
Green aquaculture with herbal drugs
Mostafa Sharif Rohani
Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research, Iran
Journal of Volume:12
DOI: 10.21767/1307-234X-C1-003