British Journal of Research Open Access

Keywords

Organic acid anhydrides (OAAs), Immunoglobulin IgE, ELISA, Workers, Asthma

Introduction

The occupational workers exposed to hazardous chemicals like Organic acid anhydrides(OAAs) may have allergy, asthma and sensitization [1,2]. Hay fever, atopic dermatitis and asthma with allergic complications may have found with elevated IgE levels in blood serum reported among exposed workers [3,4]. Ig-E mediated hypersensitivity is produced by elevated IgE levels for allergic reactions [5]. Hence, IgE test is recommended for the allergic and hypersensitive response in human serum by sensitive, rapid, accurate and expensive ELISA assay Kit Method system [6]. The immunoglobulin IgE has significant role in terms of allergy, sensitization and asthma treatment since its discovery since 19667.

The main purpose of this present study was to explain the relationship by estimating and comparing serum IgE levels in exposed workers to Organic acid anhydrides(OAAs) with control group.

Materials and Methods

This study was conducted from 15^th- 20^th may 2014 upon the serum samples of local chemical industry(Site Area Kotri, Jamshoro). The clinical data and demographic properties were obtained with the help of questionnaire by local physician after taking consent. A total of 45 workers and 40 control (normal) persons participated (age group 20-55yrs for both groups) included. The 10ml blood sample was collected and made to clot for about half an hour. Blood serum was separated by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for about 25minutes.The blood serum was stored at 40°C until ELISA analysis by kit method system(Genway platinum, Immunoglobulin IgE Kit) based upon sandwich ELISA standard method [8] (Total IgE ELISA,2013). All chemicals and reagents were used of analytical graded purity.

Results and Disscussions

Serum IgE levels(mean) were found high 212IU/Lin case of chemical industry workers as compared only 63 IU/L for control subjects(as shown in Table 1, 2 and Figure 1). The elevated IgE values may even show initiating mild asthma by sensitization to inhaled antigen and OAAs chemicals. There are also other causes of asthma, which are even responsible for viral infection and bronchial asthma. But here increased IgE levels among workers indicate exposureresponse relationship of asthma may simply responsible for allergic problems.

Table 1: Clinical profile of chemical industry workers compared with normal (controls)

Table 2: Immunoglobulin(IgE) levels (mean) in healthy controls(normal) and chemical industry workers by ELISA

Figure 1: Immunoglobulin(IgE) Mean level( IU/L) in Healthy Controls and Chemical Industry Workers.

Extrinsic asthma occurred generally by inhaled antigens and induced haptens (like organic acid anhydrides) contribute the extent of allergic reactions among exposed workers. Although there are also other clinical disorders and factors like cigarette smoking, atopy and airway obstruction responsible for increased IgE levels [8,9] .Still the mechanism and pathway behind this is unknown. Inflammation, congestion in a bronchial reaction, skin allergies and hypersensitivity are some of prominent symptoms developed among workers after exposure. Since the major finding of present study showed that a significant positive correlation˃150 IU/L among more workers develop association with asthma. The serum IgE relation with asthma was already reported quantitatively [10-12]. Therefore, the present study is consistent and useful with other main studies done in the past. Further, our study highlights low molecular weight Organic acid anhydrides(OAAs) key role by enhancing allergic etiology of asthma among suffered workers groups after comparing with healthy group serum IgE levels.

Conclusion

The conclusion is Serum IgE total levels were found to be higher in chemical industry workers as comparative study with healthy normal group due to harmful chemicals.

Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Higher Education Commission (HEC) and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro for providing support. Thanks are also due to local chemical industry management, SITE Area, Kotri, Jamshoro and workers for giving blood samples for this study.

Conflict of interest

None

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