In vitro and In vivo anti-malarial activity of extracts from Terminalia mantaly (combretaceae)

Mariscal B. Tchatat Tali; Cedric D. Jiatsa Mbouna; Lauve R. Tchokouaha Yamthe; Patrick V. Tsouh Fokou; Fabrice F. Boyom

doi:10.21767/2472-1093-C1-003

In vitro and In vivo anti-malarial activity of extracts from Terminalia mantaly (combretaceae)

Joint Event on 10^th Euro-Global Conference on Infectious Diseases & 5^th International Conference on Histopathology & Cytopathology

September 27-29, 2018 Rome, Italy

Mariscal B. Tchatat Tali, Cedric D. Jiatsa Mbouna, Lauve R. Tchokouaha Yamthe, Patrick V. Tsouh Fokou and Fabrice F. Boyom

Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaound�?©, Cameroon Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Study, Cameroon

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Infec Dis Treat

Abstract:

The emergence of resistance of malaria parasite to available drugs highlight the urgent need to develop new efficient, safe and affordable drugs. In Cameroon, medicinal plants such as T. mantaly are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria and have been playing an important role in the fight against malaria especially in rural community. However, their efficacy are still to be validated. This work aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antimalarial potency of extracts from Terminalia mantaly. Extracts from stem barks, leaves and roots of T. mantaly were macerated in water and methanol. The susceptibility of red blood cells to the extracts was using the MTT assay. The antiplasmodial activity was performed on the W2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Prior to the curative test, acute toxicity of the promising aqueous stem bark extract was assessed in mice at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg/bw. Mice infected with P. berghei MRA 406 strain were treated with the promising extract at doses of 100, 200, 400mg/kg. Their parasitemia were monitored as well as their hematological, biochemical and histological parameters. Extracts did not shown any cytotoxicity on erythrocytes at up to 1mg/mL. Out of the six extracts tested, two presented in vitro antiplasmodial activity with IC50 of 0.809 and 2.203 μg/ml respectively. The acute toxicity assay of the aqueous extract from stem bark revealed 50% lethal dose (LD50) higher than 2000mg/kg per body weight. The curative test showed an effective dose that reduce 50% of parasitemia (ED50) of 69.50mg/kg with no significant effect on biochemical, hematological and histological parameters. The results from this investigation support the traditional usage of T. mantaly and suggest that stem bark of T. mantaly could be potential source of compounds with anti-malaria activity. However, further investigations are needed to characterize active principles.